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EMULSION PAINT PRODUCTION

Paint is a mixture consisting of pigments and extenders suspended in a vehicle. The vehicle is a film – forming oil. Other liquids are added to this oil. These liquids usually thinners or diluent which generally are volatile liquids like organic solvents (e.g. acetone ). To reduce the defect of cracking in films formed by paints and also to get smooth film from paint, plasticizers are also added.

Characteristics of a good paint:

(i) Pigments:
a) Pigments protect the film by reflecting the destructive ultra – violet light.
b) They impart an aesthetic appeal to the paint film
c) They strengthen the pain film.

The required properties of pigments include:
a) They should be chemically inert.
b) They should be opaque such that it should have a good covering power.
c) They should be non – toxic
d) They should freely mix with film – forming constituents such as oil.

Examples of pigments includes iron ores, talc, barites – all these are natural or mineral pigments such as zinc oxide, titanium dioxide is mostly used in the modern day paint production.

(ii) Pigment extenders: - pigment extenders or inerts which are used in paints are talc, china clay, etc.

Function of Extenders

a) A parts of pigment if replaced by extenders impart and offer the paint a cheaper cost.
b) Extenders reduced the cracking of dry paint.
c) They act as carrier substances for organic pigments.

(iii) Vehicles – pigment are held on the surface on account of the vehicle. E.g. of vehicles is linseed oil, soyabean oil, etc.
(iv) Thinners – these suspend the pigments and dissolve the film – forming material. They also thin the concentrated paint for proper handling.
(v) Anti – Skinning Agent – these are generally polyhydroxy phenols. They prevent gelling and skinning of the paint.
(vi) Driers – heavy metallic soaps such as Zn and Pb. They accelerate the drying of the oil films.
(vii) Plasticizers – these give elasticity to the paint and this prevents cracking. Some oils are used as plasticizers.

Types of Paint

There are basically two types of paint – Emulsion Paint and Gloss Paint. Emulsion paints are water base while Gloss Paints are oil base.
In this exercise, how to produce one of the above for example Emulsion Paint would be examined.

EMULSION PAINT FORMULATION

Component Percentage by Mass

Co – polymer binder 15 – 23

(Vinyl or acrylic resin e.g. PVA)

Pigment (white) 20 – 22

Pigment (colour) 0 – 5

Extenders 15 – 25

H20 (water) 25 – 50

Additives (anti foam, low temp dryers, antifreeze, etc 2 – 5

The components are mixed mechanically to produce the required paint. The sequence of mixing is first the binder plus the solvent followed by the pigment, extenders and other additives.

The equipment used is basically the mixing vessel, the weighing scale and other subsidiaries.

Where to get production chemicals

The chemical market is not an all comers market. The production chemicals are only available at NAFDAC listed or approved markets. This is because of the volatile nature of some of these chemicals. Some of the chemical markets included Ojota, Oshodi, Isolo-Answani in Lagos and many other chemical markets in the states of federation.

QUALITY CONTROL

One of the most important operations that must be carried out in the process of manufacturing is quality control. This is the basic means of ensuring that the finished product is up to standard and it therefore guarantees sales to a great extent.

At start, the raw materials that would be subjected to production should be strictly checked to ascertain that they meet specifications. The finished product as well should be checked and confirmed quality ok.

Quality control laboratory therefore becomes inevitable for every production outlay. All other checks as per packaging, instructions on use of product, etc. should also be routinely checked. Hence the required tests for each product should be carried out at the laboratory. Hence the products are confirmed ok from the laboratory sometimes the samples could be sent to government regulatory bodies for final product approval e.g. National Agency for Food and Drug Administration (NAFDAC), under a good platform of the layout of the production outfit. It is therefore necessary to get both the factory and the laboratory equipped with necessary equipment.

SAFETY MEASURES

In production processes, safety remains very critical due to much probable hazards that could be experienced in the course of production either during handling the raw materials or the process systems – machineries, etc. fire outbreaks are quite possible especially while handling flammable chemicals. Certain chemicals that go into product manufacture are highly toxic even when inhaled.

Considering the dangers associated with processes, good safety measures should be put in place in the production platform. Some of the safety measure that should be put in place include the use of the following:
a) Hand gloves
b) Safety boots
c) Factory jackets
d) Eye goggles
e) Fire extinguishers should be available in the platform and staff workers should be trained on the use of fire extinguishers in case of any outbreak of fire in the factory/work place.
f) Instructions on handling chemicals and process systems.
g) Cautious
h) And Fire point (know as mustering) for gathering in case of eventual fire outbreaks.

HOW TO PACKAGE CONSUMER PRODUCTS

DEPENDING ON TYPE, CONSUMER PRODUCTS ARE PACKAGED WITH DIFFERENT DESIGN AND SIZES OF PLASTIC, CARTON, Nylons, aluminum foils, glass bottles, etc. the information on the package could be distinct and give right descriptions concerning the product as per the following:
a) Product name, composition and size.
b) Use of the product
c) Directive on how to apply the product.
d) Caution if any.
e) Date of manufacture.
f) Date of expiry
g) NAFDAC No if obtained
h) Bach No.
i) Manufactures contact address

The above descriptions are required to be attached to each of the unit products. Whether or not to use carton or nylon to pack number of units for marketing per pack would depend on the type and competitors pack type available in the market. If carton is used, some core information on the product is also fixed.

In other words, the package must perform the following functions:
a) it must explain the benefits of the products inside.
b) It must provide information on warranties, and warnings.
c) It must be able to protect the good inside
d) It must stand the test of time as regards storage and handling.
e) It must attract buyer’s attention
f) It must provide all necessary information’s concerning the product.

Surface to note that consumers evaluate many categories of the product offer including the package. Package changes the product in the mind of consumers and open large markets. It makes the product more attractive and looks more useful.

HOW TO BRAND CONSUMER GOODS

A brand is a name, symbol or design (or a combination of there three that identifies the product. It distinguishes the product from those of competitors.

A trademark is a brand that has been given exclusive legal protection for both the brand name and the pictorial design. The art of branding a product involve some sort of research and design to be sure it is original. Other brands in the market should first be identified and then the product development person seats back to design the band for the product in question, with a different name and design entirely.

HOW TO MARKET CONSUMER GOODS

All the products discussed in this pack belong to the type of goods called consumer goods. This is distinct from industrial goods which are usually materials that are subjected to further processing or for product manufacturing.

Marketing of consumer products (or consumer goods) is usually through wholesale outlets, retail outlets, or direct selling through sales people. When is most important is to identify the potential customers at first and establish customer relationships with them by first sales possibly.

Consumer products produced to standard and well packaged will go a long way in the market acceptance. Price plays an important role in the selling exercise hence for a new product; the price should be fair in the sense that it should not be higher than the average market price for the competing products.
One or two promotional models would help the product penetrate faster into the market and sale faster, examples of such promotions like placing adverts, publicity (advert not paid for), discount, premiums etc. is usually suitable. The type to consider would depend on financial capacity. Goodlogistics to customers but this should be done with caution to still allow cash flow.

LIST OF OUR MANUAL
FROM
VALCOM VENTURES
Contents
1. How To Set-up Pure Water Business & water purification Equipment.Step by step guide. …..
2. How To Set-up A Mini Kerosene Supply Depot. ……
3. Full Report On How To Made Cheap Solar PowerEnergy…..
4. How To Produce And Sell LiquidSoap From Your Backyard…..
5. How To Produce And Sell Toilet Wash From Your Backyard…..
6. How To Produce And Sell DisinfectantLiquid Dettol From Your Backyard. …...
7. How To Produce And Sell Disinfectant Liquid Bleach From Your Backyard. ….
8. How To Produce And Sell AirFreshener From Your Backyard. …..
9. How To Make Huge Income From Producing Pesticides & Insecticides…..
10. How To Produce Shoe Polish….
11. How To Produce Hair Cream….
12. How To Produce Body Cream….
13. How To Produce Bar Soap….
14. How To Produce Balm……
15. How To Make Standard Chin Chin….
16. How To Produce Kunu Drink…..
17. How To Produce OrangeDrink……
18. How To Produce Coca-cola Drink…..
19. How To Produce Yoghourt Drink……
20. How To Produce Standard Zobo Drink….
21. How To Produce Custard & Sell ….
22. How to Set up and make it big in Chocolate Business
23. How to Cook Over 50 NigeriaFood and confectioneries Perfectly(Step by Step)
24. How To Made Stove Wick & Sell …..
25. How To Produce & Package Special Fragrance Liquid Cold Water LaundryStarch….
26. Full Report On Industrial Soaps Production. ….
27. How To Produce and Sell Candle …..
28. Full Report On Branded Exercise Book Production Business. …..
29. How To Start And Run Your OwnDaycare Centre Successfully.
30. How To Set-up An Ice Block Production. ….
31. Business Growth Strategies ForSchool Owners. ….
32. How To Get Loans From Banks Without Collateral.
33. Discover How To Start Your Export Business Get Export License, Source ForBuyers, Handle Shipping.
34. How To Import And Clear Goods From Nigerian Ports Easy. ….
35. How To Import used Goods….
36. How To Start A Mini BakeryBusiness…
37. Get Free Financing For Oil And Gas Suppliers …
38. Customized Nylon Bag Printing Business …
39. How To Start Coca-Cola Canned Drink Distributorship Business …
40. HowTo Raise Money To Start A Small Scale Business…..
41. BusinessPlan made Easy……..
42. NAFDACRegistration Made Easy for Small Scale Business.
43. HOW TO START YOUR OWN MINI GSMTELEPHONE COMPANY WITH ZERO CAPITAL OFFERING BOOSTER FREE PHONE PACKAGE TO OVER 100,000 CALLS CENTERS ACROSSTHE COUNTRY!
44. FREE REPORT ON HOW TOOPEN A PAYPAL ACCOUNT HERE IN NIGERIA.
45. How To Produce Hair Cream
46. How To Produce Germicide Izal
47. How to Produce and sell DetergentPowder Soap
48. How To Produce Germicide Izal
49. How to Produce and sell Detergent Powder Soap
50. Full Report On How To Made Cheap Solar Power Energy…..
51. FUMIGANTS PRODUCTION
52. STYLING GEL PRODUCTION
53. SUGAR PRODUCTION
54. CEMENT PRODUCTION
55. TABLET SOAP PRODUCTION
56. WINE (RED WINE) PRODUCTION
57. SHAMPOO PRODUCTION
58. POLYTHENE BAGS PRODUCTION
59. OINTMENTS/POMADES PRODUCTION
60. INKS PRODUCTION
61. GLASS PRODUCTION
62. FOAM PRODUCTION
63. CANDLES PRODUCTION
64. ADHESIVES (GUM) PRODUCTION
65. EMULTION PAINT PRODUCTION

66. PURE WATER PRODUCTION

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